Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) follows a series of metabolic diseases categorized by high blood sugar levels. Owing to the increasing diabetes disease in the world, early diagnosis of this disease is critical. New methods such as nanotechnology have made significant progress in many areas of medical science and physiology. Nanobiosensors are very sensible and can identify single virus particles or even low concentrations of a material that can be inherently harmful. One of the main factors for developing glucose sensors in the body is the diagnosis of hypoglycemia in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the most up-to-date and fastest glucose detection method by nanosensors and, as a result, faster and better treatment in medical sciences. In this review, we try to explore new ways to control blood glucose levels and treat diabetes. We begin with a definition of biosensors and their classification and basis, and then we examine the latest biosensors in glucose detection and new biosensors applications, including the artificial pancreas and updating quantum graphene data.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease categorized by a prolonged rise in blood glucose levels due to a complete or partial failure of the insulin secretion process in the absorption mechanism [1]
WHO statistics show that DM is one of the principal causes of death worldwide, which approximately 422 million people are suffering from [2]. is disease follows a series of metabolic diseases considered by high sugar levels in the blood
While there is no definitive remedy for diabetes, patients could minimize its complications by closely monitoring their blood glucose levels [3]
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease categorized by a prolonged rise in blood glucose levels due to a complete or partial failure of the insulin secretion process in the absorption mechanism [1]. While there is no definitive remedy for diabetes, patients could minimize its complications by closely monitoring their blood glucose levels [3]. Constant observing of blood glucose stages by physicians and even patients themselves consider the evolution of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment methods. For Type 2 diabetic patients, fasting glucose levels must be tightly controlled in the range from 72 to 120 mg/dL, and it should be less than 153 mg/dL 1-2 h after a meal [4]. En, we will study the mechanism of biosensors and types of nanobiosensors for this purpose. We will mention the nanobiosensors market and the future of this technology
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