Abstract
This paper summarizes the recent progress in mesoporous materials as electrocatalysts for applications in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells.
Highlights
Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) based on either a proton exchange membrane or an anion exchange membrane can use a wide range of renewable resources such as hydrogen gas, methanol, ethanol, formic acid, ammonia, hydrazine, urea, etc. as fuels.[1,2,3,4,5,6] They demonstrate outstanding energy density among the electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems, which is about 5 times larger than that for current Li-ion batteries.[7]
There are a few excellent reviews about applications of mesoporous materials in wide topics of energy conversion and storage such as solar cells, fuel production, rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells,[16,23,24,25,26,27,28] this review focuses on the recent development of mesoporous materials for fuel cell catalysts, including mesoporous Pt, metals with mesoporous supports, and metal-free mesoporous carbon catalysts
More studies have been done to obtain high-performance catalysts with metals supported on mesoporous materials
Summary
Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) based on either a proton exchange membrane (acidic conditions) or an anion exchange membrane (alkaline conditions) can use a wide range of renewable resources such as hydrogen gas, methanol, ethanol, formic acid, ammonia, hydrazine, urea, etc. as fuels.[1,2,3,4,5,6] They demonstrate outstanding energy density among the electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems, which is about 5 times larger than that for current Li-ion batteries.[7]. MEA is reported to be accounting for about 35–50% of the cost of fuel cell systems.[13] As a consequence, the MEA cost needs to be reduced by 27% to achieve the target in 2020 Another problem is fuel cell durability, which mainly comes from membrane dehydration and catalyst degradation because of poisoning, corrosion and fuel crossover. There are a few excellent reviews about applications of mesoporous materials in wide topics of energy conversion and storage such as solar cells, fuel production, rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells,[16,23,24,25,26,27,28] this review focuses on the recent development of mesoporous materials for fuel cell catalysts, including mesoporous Pt (and Pt alloys), metals with mesoporous supports, and metal-free mesoporous carbon catalysts
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