Abstract
Incretins ale gut hormones,which stimulate insulin secretion after meal.One of the incretin hormones,glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1),contributes to glucose homeostasis by stimulation of insulin secretion,suppression of glucagon secretion(both in a glucose dependent manner),slowing of gastric emptying,and induction of satiety.It could also improve beta cell function in type 2 diabetes.However,due to its short biological half-life,GLP-1 itself is not practical for type 2 diabetes therapy.Exenatide is a peptide found in the lizard Heloderma suspectum and has a high similarity to GLP-1.It has a much longer biological half life than GLP-1 and is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that Can be used for therapeutic purposes by twice daily injection.Clinical studies with exenatide have shown a significant reduction in HbA_(1C),fasting and postprandial glucose,and body weight in type 2 diabetic patients.Animal studies revealed an improvement of beta cell funotion and an increase in beta cell mass after exenatide treatment.Due to its special therapeutic efficacy,GLP-1 receptor agonist,such as exenatide,is now included in the recently published guidelines for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Key words: Incretin; Glucagon-like peptide-1; Exenatide
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