Abstract
Nanocochleates are at the forefront of the fast-growing nanotechnology sector in the delivery of drugs for cancer. This nanotechnology is the use of the cationic and anionic encapsulated drug that has poor oral bioavailability. Nanocochleate is a lipid-based drug delivery in the liposomal vesicles that is converted by calcium divalent cation into nanocochleate. Nanocochleates technology use encapsulations of the anticancer agent, which have low solubility, oral bioavailability and low permeability. This paper shows and provides an overview of the benefits of nanocochleates, drug delivery mechanism, choice of prevalent components (Phospholipids and Cations), various ways of producing nanocochleates and nanocochleate stability. Nanocochleates have far fewer constraints than other traditional carriers. To characterize nanocochleates, the suitable analytical methods are required. Therefore, in the therapy of cancer, nanocochleate becomes commonly applied and more prospective drug delivery system.
Highlights
Cancer continues to be a serious threat with higher mortality risk
The death rate from cancer worldwide is estimated at 9.6 million fatalities in 2018, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) [2]
Nanocochleates are novel lipid-based drug delivery carriers compared to traditional drug carriers for many reasons such as (i) they are more stable than liposome due to less oxidation of lipid, (ii) they are non-immunogenic, non-inflammatory and non-toxic, (iii) nanocochleates maintain their structure even after lyophilization, whereas liposomes structures are destroyed after lyophilization, (iv) improvement of oral bioavailability of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, (v) they exhibits the adequate encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs in to lipid bilayers structure [14,15,16]
Summary
Cancer continues to be a serious threat with higher mortality risk. Cancer is a disease classified by an uncontrolled cell proliferation that can invade and spread to distant parts of the body through the lymphatic system [1]. Nanocochleates are novel lipid-based drug delivery carriers compared to traditional drug carriers for many reasons such as (i) they are more stable than liposome due to less oxidation of lipid, (ii) they are non-immunogenic, non-inflammatory and non-toxic, (iii) nanocochleates maintain their structure even after lyophilization, whereas liposomes structures are destroyed after lyophilization, (iv) improvement of oral bioavailability of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, (v) they exhibits the adequate encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs in to lipid bilayers structure [14,15,16] These benefits, nanocochleate suffers from certain constraints, such as (i) required particular storage condition, (ii) aggregation may happen at times during storage, (iii) high production costs [15, 16]. Int J Curr Pharm Res, Vol 11, Issue 6, 28-32 between the exterior layer of the nanocochleate and the membrane of the cell This fusion results in a tiny quantity of the encochleated material being delivered into the target cell's cytoplasm. The main components used in nanocochleate preparing are lipids and cations as shown in table 1
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