Abstract
The discharge of massive amounts of oily wastewater has become one of the major concerns among the scientific community. Membrane filtration has been one of the most used methods of treating oily wastewater due to its stability, convenience handling, and durability. However, the continuous occurrence of membrane fouling aggravates the membrane’s performance efficiency. Membrane fouling can be defined as the accumulation of various materials in the pores or surface of the membrane that affect the permeate’s quantity and quality. Many aspects of fouling have been reviewed, but recent methods for fouling reduction in oily wastewater have not been explored and discussed sufficiently. This review highlights the mitigation strategies to reduce membrane fouling from oily wastewater. We first review the membrane technology principle for oily wastewater treatment, followed by a discussion on different fouling mechanisms of inorganic fouling, organic fouling, biological fouling, and colloidal fouling for better understanding and prevention of membrane fouling. Recent mitigation strategies to reduce fouling caused by oily wastewater treatment are also discussed.
Highlights
Effect Mass TransportThe oil droplets completely block the pore of the membrane since the size is larger.The active site of the membrane decreases depending on the velocity of the feed Membrane resistance increases due to pore size reduction
Membrane fouling is predicted to be more difficult for oily wastewater treatment since membrane surface and pores may be wetted with oil droplets, and the oil droplets can accumulate on the surface can transform during filtration and recrystallisation
Surface modification has played a significant role in fabricating membranes with antifouling properties, as it increases the hydrophilicity of the membrane, reducing the possibility of fouling
Summary
Industries such as food, petrochemicals, and petroleum refining generate oily wastewater that pollute soil and water and intoxicates the human body system [1]. Most of these methods can efficiently treat oily wastewater Still, they have several drawbacks, including generating secondary pollutants, having high maintenance costs, and being ineffective in separating emulsion [21,22]. They have several drawbacks, including generating secondary pollutants, having high maintenance costs, and being ineffective in separating emulsion [21,22] As compared to these methods, membrane technology is one of the most effective among these processes, as it can be broadly used for the handling of oily wastewater due to advantages such as its high separation performance, more straightforward process, low energy consumption, incredibly compact model and limited space requirements [22,23]. Membrane filtration has emerged as a promising alternative for oily wastewater treatment
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