Abstract
The works discussed here are Jorge Larrain's Marxism and Ideology and Bhikhu Parekh's Marx's Theory of Ideology. They offer interpretations of Marx's conception of ideology, and, in Larrain's case, that of the Marxist tradition in general. Ideology is seen as being, for Marx, essentially an epistemological category to be understood in terms of ‘concealing contradictions’ (Larrain) or ‘universalising particular social points of view’ (Parekh). Both accounts are assessed for exegetical success and internal coherence. It is argued that they provide no reasons for holding that Marx thought of ideology in other than epistemologically neutral terms as a medium of class conflict. Finally, the assumption common to both that he needed the epistemological conception as part of a project of critical social inquiry is called into question.
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