Abstract
Screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) can be mass-produced at low cost and are readily adaptable as base transducers for incorporation into disposable biosensors. As biological recognition elements, the NAD + -dependent dehydrogenase enzymes have wide ranging application for the determination of many analytes in biological samples. In order to achieve the desired selectivity, it has proved necessary to reduce the overpotential required to electrochemically regenerate the cofactor, NAD + , by incorporating redox mediators into the carbon ink prior to screen-printing. One such electrocatalyst, Meldola's Blue (MB), has been used successfully and has been combined with dehydrogenase enzymes for the determination of some important biological analytes, including lactate, alcohol and ammonia. These examples from our laboratory using MB-modified SPCEs will be reviewed in this article, together with a recent application to determine aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum.
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