Abstract
The microcrack of materials was inevitable in the process of transportation, storage and utilization, which may cause functional failure and resources waste. Inspired by nature, self-healing polymers have attracted significant attention owing to widespread applications in wearable electronics, cartilage replacement, coatings and elastomer. Compared with extrinsic healing, intrinsically healable polymers offer multiple self-healing by supramolecular reversible interactions, such as host-guest interactions, π-π stacking, ionic interactions and hydrogen-bonding. Self-healing polymers based on quadruple hydrogen bonds have been extensively investigated due to its high thermodynamic stability and rapid kinetic reversibility, and have been well developed for the past two decades. In this paper, the strategies and designs of self-repairing polymers based on quadruple hydrogen bond were classified and summarized, including main-chain self-healing polymers, side-chain self-healing polymers and supramolecular self-healing polymers. It is expected that quadruple hydrogen bonding can be construct more robust, highly tough, multi-stimuli-responsive, and fast self-healing supramolecular polymer, and is potential to be applied to numerous civilian and military fields in the future.
Highlights
Microcrack and damage are inevitable in the process of material storage and utilization, which cause functional failure, resources waste, and even security issues[1,2]
The strategies and designs of self-healing polymers based on quadruple hydrogen bonds have been well pioneered and developed for the past two decades, which can be divided into main chain self-healing polymers, side chain self-healing polymers and supramolecular self-healing polymers according to the molecular structure and polymer designs
The chain propagation of supramolecular self-healing polymer was achieved by quadruple hydrogen bond moiety, and the self-healing capability were accomplished by reversible UPy groups in the ends of the oligomer at both ends of the oligomer[28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36]
Summary
Microcrack and damage are inevitable in the process of material storage and utilization, which cause functional failure, resources waste, and even security issues[1,2]. Like cucumbers[3], mussel[4,5], and titin[6], scientists and engineers have developed numerous self-healing materials over the past decades, which can be divided into extrinsic healing and intrinsic healing materials[7]. The latter, which includes host-guest interactions, π-π stacking, ionic interactions and hydrogen-bonding, attracted public and scientific attention owing to its multiple self-healing and mild repairing condition. The mechanical properties, self-healing ability, and energy properties should be improved together with the introduction of quadruple hydrogen bond, indicating its potential for future technology development and industrial progress
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