Abstract

Environmental pollution as a result of industrialization is a continuous menace. In our precious environment, Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are constantly present and these pollutants are of great concern because of their high level of toxicity, persistency and bioaccumulation. Therefore, this chapter discusses different types and sources of POPs in the environment. The chapter also introduces Advanced oxidative processes (AOPs) and the classes of AOPs. Removal of selected POPs from aqueous solutions by AOPs, such as sulfate radical, ionizing radiation, heterogeneous photocatalysis, electrohydraulic discharge system, ozonation, and Fenton processes, were discussed. The major aim of the chapter is to make available to environmental scientists the recent developments in the removal of POPs by AOPs.

Highlights

  • Today, global industrialization has resulted in the development of a variety of chemicals that, while useful, have attracted scientific attention because of their hazardous effects on humans and environment

  • Some of the Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), can be produced from natural sources, POPs originate from the industries that are manufacturing a wide range of goods, such as agrochemicals, solvents, and flame-retardants [5]

  • Lopes da Silva et al [39] investigated the degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in water using Indium oxide and the results showed a good potential of nanosized In2O3 photocatalyst in degradation

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Summary

Introduction

Global industrialization has resulted in the development of a variety of chemicals that, while useful, have attracted scientific attention because of their hazardous effects on humans and environment Among these chemicals are Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that are of serious concern because of their level of toxicity, long-persistent nature and bio-accumulation. Persistent organic pollutants originate from manmade sources associated with the production, use, and disposal of some organic chemicals Due to their persistence, ability to bioaccumulate in tissues, long-range transportability, and severe toxicity (even at low concentrations), POPs are a serious global hazard [3]. The hydrophobicity of POPs is usually linked to halogenated compounds and these pollutants have low solubilities in water and high lipophilicities They partition aggressively to solids, organic matter, in aquatic systems and soils, avoiding the aqueous phase. Some of the POPs, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), can be produced from natural sources, POPs originate from the industries that are manufacturing a wide range of goods, such as agrochemicals, solvents, and flame-retardants [5]

Sources and fate of POPs in the environment
Findings
Conclusion
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