Abstract
Routing protocols distribute network topology information around the routers of a network. They are part of the critical network infrastructure, but are vulnerable to both internal and external attacks. In this paper, different routing protocols are first introduced, followed by reviews of routing protocol security publications in academia and industry. The general vulnerabilities and threats of routing protocols are then analysed. The two major protection countermeasures for both link-state routing protocols and distance-vector routing protocols are presented in detail. The popular hacking tools which can be used directly or customised to launch attacks are described. The product vendors of routing protocol security and the best practice adopted by network carriers and ISPs are investigated. The paper aims to provide an overview of Internet routing protocol security, and highlight areas for further research.
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