Recent developments in porous materials for H2 and CH4 storage

Abstract

Emerging classes of porous crystalline materials such as metal–organic frameworks and covalent-organic frameworks have received significant attention for selective gas storage. However, lack of coincident standard and capacity calculation methods brings challenges to compare with existing materials. Herein, we briefly discussed the H2 and CH4 storage capacity of some representative porous materials at high pressure and proposed the conception of adsorptive density of H2 and CH4 that can be used as a standard to evaluate the average intensity of the potential field in the pores. Important physical properties of these porous materials such as surface area, pore volume, and crystal density were illustrated for evaluating the gas storage capacity. High pressure isotherm data were used to calculate the gravimetric and volumetric uptake. Other important factors such as mechanical property, packing density, and impurity were also considered during the discussions. Promising potential of these porous materials for improving gas storage capacity was highlighted.