Abstract
Forensic chemistry deals with the analysis of various types of physical evidences related to crime, corresponding to the detection of target substances or elements in complex matrices. There is a vital need for highly selective, rapid, and sensitive biosensing technologies in heavy metal ions analysis especially those from living persons, autopsy, food, water, soil, and other identified substances at very preliminary stages. Fluorescent materials-based method for heavy metal ions detection is one of the most important analytical methods, resulting in the ability to measure analytes in complex matrices with unsurpassed selectivity and sensitivity. In this mini review, different fluorescent materials-based analytical methods aiming at several heavy metal ions detection are exclusively reviewed through a comprehensive literature survey. In addition, current challenges to achieve integrated evidence analysis process are briefly discussed to provide an outlook for heavy metal ions detection based on fluorescent analytical methods in the forensic chemistry field.
Highlights
Nowadays, the proper application of science is of utmost importance in solving crimes all around the world
Forensic chemistry is one of the powerful tools to connect the suspect with the crime scene or the victim by matching physical evidence from the crime scene or victim with evidence found on or about the person accused of the crime
One of the fundamental tasks in forensic chemistry is to determine the presence and analyze the concentrations of particular components in various types of physical evidences taken from the crime scene and living persons and even collected during autopsy, as well as in food, water, sewage, soil, human body fluids, and other identified substances (Kloosterman et al, 2015; Pereira de Oliveira et al, 2018; De Kinder and Pirée, 2020)
Summary
The proper application of science is of utmost importance in solving crimes all around the world. There are a wide array of instrumental methods allowing identification and determination of various metal elements in different evidences, such as atomic absorption spectroscopy, neutron activation analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, ion chromatography, mass spectroscopy, and other spectroscopy coupled with mass spectroscopy (Ulrich et al, 2004; Verma, 2018; Sliwinska et al, 2019) Compared with these traditional analytical methods, fluorescence spectroscopy is more suitable for trace metal ions analysis in complex matrices because of its short response time, simplicity, high selectivity, and sensitivity (Fu et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2019; Niu et al, 2020; Zang et al, 2020). The existing challenges and future perspectives for the application of fluorescent materials-based analytical methods in forensic chemistry are briefly discussed
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