Recent Developments in Faulting Simulators for Geotechnical Centrifuges

Abstract

Abstract In addition to the dynamic effects of faulting that cause earthquake wave propagation, large-scale deformation of faulting is a hazard for structures near the fault. Analytical and numerical studies have been conducted on fault rupture propagation through soil deposits and soil-structure interactions such as buried pipelines and buildings. However, evaluating the results is difficult because well-documented field case histories are limited. Researchers resort to physical modeling and laboratory tests to address this deficiency. Because full-scale modeling is time consuming and costly, centrifuge modeling is the best option. The first step for centrifuge modeling of faulting is to design and manufacture a fault simulator in a centrifuge. In this paper, all available information about fault simulators worldwide is presented as an archive for researchers. A detailed report on the design and manufacture of the new fault simulator at the Univ. of Tehran is also presented and the testing of a simulated buried continuous pipeline subjected to normal and reverses faulting is discussed. The fault simulator results were shown to correspond to natural faulting deformation.