Abstract
Aluminum alloys can be used in the fabrication of intricate geometry and curved parts for a wide range of uses in aerospace and automotive sectors, where high stiffness and low weight are necessitated. This paper outlines a review of various research investigations on the superplastic behavior of aluminum alloys that have taken place mainly over the past two decades. The influencing factors on aluminum alloys superplasticity, such as initial grain size, deformation temperature, strain rate, microstructure refinement techniques, and addition of trace elements in aluminum alloys, are analyzed here. Since grain boundary sliding is one of the dominant features of aluminum alloys superplasticity, its deformation mechanism and the corresponding value of activation energy are included as a part of discussion. Dislocation motion, diffusion in grains, and near-grain boundary regions being major features of superplasticity, are discussed as important issues. Moreover, the paper also discusses the corresponding values of grain size exponent, stress exponent, solute drag creep and power law creep. Constitutive equations, which are essential for commercial applications and play a vital role in predicting and analyzing the superplastic behavior, are also reviewed here.
Highlights
Superplasticity is a process in which polycrystalline materials undergo several hundred to several thousand percent of tensile elongation at an appropriate temperature and strain rate
Al alloys superplasticity reduces manufacturing cost and has an ability to form parts of intricate geometry which would be difficult to fabricate by other means
Several severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques have been developed, it has been found that two procedures have received the maximum interest, i.e., Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and high-pressure torsion (HPT)
Summary
Superplasticity is a process in which polycrystalline materials undergo several hundred to several thousand percent of tensile elongation at an appropriate temperature and strain rate It is greatly effective in reducing the weight and production cost by minimizing the processing steps of machining and joining. With the development of several SPD techniques, exceptional grain refinement has led to enhanced superplastic property at low temperatures and high strain rates, which is impossible to attain using conventional processing techniques. Quick superplastic forming technology, which was developed recently, improves the low production efficiency of traditional superplasticity by combining traditional superplastic forming and hot drawing technology It reduces the production cycle and decreases the manufacturing cost [31]. The purpose of this review is to introduce the recent developments in Al alloys superplasticity, their mechanisms and the factors influencing the superplastic characteristics
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