Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are a group of malignant diseases of the hematologic system that seriously endanger human health, mainly involving bone marrow, blood and lymphatic tissues. However, among the available treatments for malignant hematologic diseases, low detection rates and high recurrence rates are major problems in the treatment process. The quantitative detection of hematologic malignancies-related biomarkers is the key to refine the pathological typing of the disease to implement targeted therapy and thus improve the prognosis. In recent years, bioelectrochemical methods for tumor cell and blood detection have attracted the attention of an increasing number of scientists. The development of biosensor technology, nanotechnology, probe technology, and lab-on-a-chip technology has greatly facilitated the development of bioelectrochemical studies of cells, especially for blood and cell-based assays and drug resistance differentiation. To improve the sensitivity of detection, graphene is often used in the design of electrochemical sensors. This mini-review provides an overview of the types of hematological malignancies-associated biomarkers and their detection based on graphene assisted electrochemical sensors.
Highlights
Hematological malignancies are a series of blood disorders characterized by the malignant transformation of normal cells of bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoietic organs into a large number of tumor cells, which can seriously threaten human health (Chen et al, 2019; Gupta et al, 2020)
A singlestranded DNA probe is immobilized on the electrode surface, and the complementary sequence-specific hybridization between the probe and the target further captures the target DNA into a double-stranded structure, which triggers a change in the electrochemical signal for quantitative analysis of tDNA
Label-free electrochemical sensors have some drawbacks in practice, such as the possibility of detachment of the recognition element bound to the electrode surface during the experiment and the fluctuation of the EIS, resulting in errors. These problems can lead to relatively poor accuracy in the actual test and limit its practical application. This mini-review presents an introduction to biomarkers and electrochemical detection techniques in hematological malignancies
Summary
Hematological malignancies are a series of blood disorders characterized by the malignant transformation of normal cells of bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoietic organs into a large number of tumor cells, which can seriously threaten human health (Chen et al, 2019; Gupta et al, 2020). They are heterogeneous diseases, mainly classified as Leukemia, Lymphoma and Multiple myeloma, and include more than 30 different subtypes.
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