Abstract
The effects of climate change are just beginning to be felt, and as such, society must work towards strategies of reducing humanity’s impact on the environment. Due to the fact that energy production is one of the primary contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, it is obvious that more environmentally friendly sources of power are required. Technologies such as solar and wind power are constantly being improved through research; however, as these technologies are often sporadic in their power generation, efforts must be made to establish ways to store this sustainable energy when conditions for generation are not ideal. Battery storage is one possible supplement to these renewable energy technologies; however, as current Li-ion technology is reaching its theoretical capacity, new battery technology must be investigated. Lithium–sulphur (Li–S) batteries are receiving much attention as a potential replacement for Li-ion batteries due to their superior capacity, and also their abundant and environmentally benign active materials. In the spirit of environmental harm minimization, efforts have been made to use sustainable carbonaceous materials for applications as carbon–sulphur (C–S) composite cathodes, carbon interlayers, and carbon-modified separators. This work reports on the various applications of carbonaceous materials applied to Li–S batteries, and provides perspectives for the future development of Li–S batteries with the aim of preparing a high energy density, environmentally friendly, and sustainable sulphur-based cathode with long cycle life.
Highlights
The ever-growing economy and increasing global population boost the demand of energy, which is typically derived from fossil fuel sources [1]
It is commonly regarded that the conductivity, specific surface area, and pore volumes of the various carbonaceous materials are the critical factors that affect the electrochemical performance of a sulphur cathode
Bimodal mesoporous carbon (BMC) with 2.0 the sulphur cathode for the Li–S battery based on an all-solid-state PEO18 Li(CF3 SO2 )2 N–10 wt% SiO2 nm and 5.6 nm mesopores was used with the intention of regulating ion conduction in the electrolyte
Summary
The ever-growing economy and increasing global population boost the demand of energy, which is typically derived from fossil fuel sources [1]. Sustainable and green energy sources (i.e., wind power, solar energy, and hydropower) are regarded as long-term renewable energy alternatives to alleviate the environmental problems which arise from the combustion of fossil fuels Practical utilization of these intermittent power sources would not succeed without the development of low cost and high capability energy storage technologies. Conventional LIBs. the gravimetric/volumetric energy densities of LIBs and (Li–S) batteries havehand, the potential advantage of the breaking the storage limits ofcapacity of. 1675 mA·h·g among solid capacity cathode elements other hand, the matched lithium anode. MA·h·gsulphur given that Li–SLi–S batteries operate on the basis of a stoichiometric redox chemistry between sulphur and lithium, Li–S batteries reach a theoretical specific energy and volumetric energy density of approximately. Reproduced with permission from [6]
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