Abstract
Functional nanomaterials have attracted significant attention in a variety of research fields (in particular, in the healthcare system) because of the easily controllable morphology, their high chemical and environmental stability, biocompatibility, and unique optoelectronic and sensing properties. The sensing properties of nanomaterials can be used to detect biomolecules such as cholesterol. Over the past few decades, remarkable progress has been made in the production of cholesterol biosensors that contain nanomaterials as the key component. In this article, various nanomaterials for the electrochemical sensing of cholesterol were reviewed. Cholesterol biosensors are recognized tools in the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The function of nanomaterials in cholesterol biosensors were thoroughly discussed. In this study, different pathways for the sensing of cholesterol with functional nanomaterials were investigated.
Highlights
Electrochemical Sensors for Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death worldwide
1 lists systems exhibit high sensitivity, requirecholesterol inexpensive instrumentation, andpresented are suitable for nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors that have been in the real-time analysis last five years
This review summarized several nanomaterials used in cholesterol biosensors
Summary
Electrochemical Sensors for Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death worldwide. Various cholesterol sensors have been developed, including enzymatic, nonenzymatic, and redox mediator-based sensors. The commonly used electrochemical methods for cholesterol sensing field owing to the limitations of conventional enzymatic sensors (e.g., the low stability and are amperometry andcommonly voltammetry including cyclic voltammetry differential pulse storage problems). Mediators in the development voltammetry (DPV), molecules and linear(MB, sweep of mediator-based enzymatic or nonenzymatic electrodes These redox species act as elecElectroactive molecules (MB, FC, and HQ) are used as mediators in the development tron mediators and form adducts with cholesterol. The reduced species generated in this of mediator-based enzymatic or nonenzymatic electrodes. These redox species act as process can be electrochemically regenerated, as shown in the following mechanism [8].
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