Abstract
In the second near-infrared channel (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm), organic and inorganic fluorophores are designed with superior chemical/optical properties to provide real-time information with deeper penetration depth and higher resolution owing to the innate lower light scattering and absorption of the NIR-II imaging than conventional optical imaging. Among them, the small-molecule based fluorophores have been highlighted due to their desirable biocompatibility and favorable pharmacokinetics. In this review, we introduced the latest research progress of the rational design of small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores and their impressively biological applications including the NIR-II signal imaging, multimodal imaging and theranostic.
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