Abstract
With the rapid growth of numerous portable electronics, it is critical to develop high-performance, lightweight, and environmentally sustainable energy generation and power supply systems. The flexible nanogenerators, including piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG) and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), are currently viable candidates for combination with personal devices and wireless sensors to achieve sustained energy for long-term working circumstances due to their great mechanical qualities, superior environmental adaptability, and outstanding energy-harvesting performance. Conductive materials for electrode as the critical component in nanogenerators, have been intensively investigated to optimize their performance and avoid high-cost and time-consuming manufacture processing. Recently, because of their low cost, large-scale production, simple synthesis procedures, and controlled electrical conductivity, conducting polymers (CPs) have been utilized in a wide range of scientific domains. CPs have also become increasingly significant in nanogenerators. In this review, we summarize the recent advances on CP-based PENG and TENG for biomechanical energy harvesting. A thorough overview of recent advancements and development of CP-based nanogenerators with various configurations are presented and prospects of scientific and technological challenges from performance to potential applications are discussed.
Highlights
A variety of highly flexible and high-performance electronic devices have been developed for next-generation applications in different fields, including health monitoring, smart communication, flexible displays, energy storage, green electronics, and artificial intelligence systems [1,2,3]
Different to the ferent to the previous study, this review aims to summarize the recent advances on CPprevious study, this review aims to summarize the recent advances on conducting polymers (CPs)-based piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG)
In contrast to triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), the sandwich structure of electrode/piezoelectrics/electrode is the primary configuration in PENG
Summary
A variety of highly flexible and high-performance electronic devices have been developed for next-generation applications in different fields, including health monitoring, smart communication, flexible displays, energy storage, green electronics, and artificial intelligence systems [1,2,3]. Wearable energy-harvesting systems and generators have been increasingly significant in recent decades when it comes to self-powered electronic sensors and devices. As a result, downsizing of flexible, intelligent, and self-powered wearable devices has emerged as a critical research area To utilize this mechanical energy and address the previously described obstacles, a nanogenerator (NG). Human physical vital signs generate strain and/or pressure changes are collected and converted to electrical signals and energy by nanogenerators, which are significant markers for human energy harvesting. Conducting polymers with high flexibility and stretchability, as well as mechanical and electrical responsiveness, have contributed to the recent acceleration of the study on CPs-based in flexible and wearable electronics. At present, the conducting polymers nanogenerators with various structures for structures for wearable energy harvesting have not been systematically summarized.
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