Abstract
Over the past 20 years, small molecule solid phase synthesis has become a powerful tool in the discovery of novel molecular materials. In the development of organic chemistry, the carbon-carbon bond formation has always been one of the most useful and fundamental reaction. The current review summarizes recent developments in metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. The following method is discussed in detail—the cross-coupling of aryl halides with aryl boronic acids (the Suzuki coupling), and the others C-C bond formation reactions as the palladium-catalyzed reaction between an aryl and (or) alkyl halide and a vinyl functionality (the Heck reaction); and the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of organostannyl reagents with a variety of organic electrophiles (the Stille reaction)—are mentioned.
Highlights
Small-molecule solid-phase synthesis has become a powerful tool in the discovery of new drugs or molecular materials
The following method is discussed in detail—the cross-coupling of aryl halides with aryl boronic acids, and the others C-C bond formation reactions as the palladium-catalyzed reaction between an aryl and alkyl halide and a vinyl functionality; and the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of organostannyl reagents with a variety of organic electrophiles—are mentioned
The methods are investigated by the time in details: the cross-coupling of aryl halides with aryl boronic acids; the palladiumcatalyzed reaction between an aryl and alkyl halide and a vinyl functionality; and the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of organostannyl reagents with a variety of organic electrophiles [1]
Summary
Small-molecule solid-phase synthesis has become a powerful tool in the discovery of new drugs or molecular materials. [4] reported that cross-coupling reactions between alkenylboranes and organic halides were efficiently catalyzed by a catalytic amount of tetrakis (triphenylphoshine) palladium (Pd(PPh3)4) in the presence of a suitable base. The Suzuki-type reactions catalyzed by heterogeneous palladium involving bromoarenes are relatively unexplored In this context, polymer-supported catalysts have become valuable tools offering many advantages such as simplification of product synthesis. From a practical point of view, the use of aryl chlorides is highly desirable compared with the more expensive aryl iodides, aryl bromides and aryl triflates This short review summarizes the advantages of the Suzuki protocol over other similar cross-coupling reactions, several structurally different ligands that promote the reaction in water [20,21,22,23], recent results from ligandless Suzuki procedure, and target molecules mainly produced by the method
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