Abstract
In recent years, gold compounds have gained more and more attentions in the design of new metal anticancer drugs. Numerous researches have reported that gold compounds, in addition to their widely studied cytotoxic antitumor effects, also reverse tumor immune escape and directly facilitate the functions of immune cells, leading to enhanced anticancer effects. This review mainly summarizes our current understandings of antitumor effects of gold drugs and their relationships with various aspects of antitumor immunity, including innate immunity, adaptive immunity, immunogenic cell death, and immune checkpoints, as well as their roles in adverse effects. Some recent examples of anticancer gold compounds are highlighted. The property of gold compounds is expected to combine with anticancer immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, to develop new anticancer therapeutic strategies.
Highlights
From the accidental discovery of cisplatin’s antitumor activity by Rosenberg and his coworkers, platinum-based complexes have been used as standard chemotherapeutic agents more than 40 years in clinical practice (Rosenberg et al, 1969)
We aim to summarize the complex relationship between various gold derivatives and immune system, and the role of immune system in their anticancer activity as well as adverse effects, in order to explore their novel applications in cancer combination immunotherapy
It is currently accepted that, in certain settings, chemotherapy drugs are able to activate the entire anticancer immune cycle and even cause a persistent immunological anticancer memory by inducing tumor cells death. This ideal form of tumor chemotherapy-induced cell death is known as immunogenic cell death (ICD) (Englinger et al, 2019)
Summary
Recent Advances of Gold Compounds in Anticancer Immunity. Gold compounds have gained more and more attentions in the design of new metal anticancer drugs. Numerous researches have reported that gold compounds, in addition to their widely studied cytotoxic antitumor effects, reverse tumor immune escape and directly facilitate the functions of immune cells, leading to enhanced anticancer effects. This review mainly summarizes our current understandings of antitumor effects of gold drugs and their relationships with various aspects of antitumor immunity, including innate immunity, adaptive immunity, immunogenic cell death, and immune checkpoints, as well as their roles in adverse effects. Some recent examples of anticancer gold compounds are highlighted. The property of gold compounds is expected to combine with anticancer immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, to develop new anticancer therapeutic strategies
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