Recent advances of cell-free exosomes therapy for cartilage repair

Abstract

The in-depth study of tissue engineering technology has promoted the development of cartilage repair methods from cell therapy to cell-free therapy. It tends to show that stem cells regulate the microenvironment through paracrine pathway to promotecartilage repair. Therefore, recent advances of cell-free therapy for cartilage repair and the application of exosomes in cartilage tissue engineering are reviewed in this manuscript. Key words: Cell-free therapy; Cartilage repair; Exosomes