Abstract
Turning continues to be the largest segment of the machining industry, which highlights the continued demand for turned parts and the overall improvement of the process. The turning process has seen quite an evolution, from basic lathes using solid tools, to complex CNC (Computer Numerical Control) multi-process machines, using, for the most part, coated inserts and coated tools. These coatings have proven to be a significant step in the production of high-quality parts and a higher tool life that have captivated the industry. Continuous improvement to turning coated tools has been made, with many researches focusing on the optimization of turning processes that use coated tools. In the present paper, a presentation of various recently published papers on this subject is going to be made, mentioning the various types of coatings that have recently been used in the turning process, the turning of hard to machine materials, such as titanium alloys and Inconel, as well as the interaction of these coatings with the turned surfaces, the wear patterns that these coatings suffer during the turning of materials and relating these wear mechanisms to the coated tool’s life expectancy. Some lubrication conditions present a more sustainable alternative to current methods used in the turning process; the employment of coated tool inserts under these conditions is a current popular research topic, as there is a focus on opting for more eco-friendly machining options.
Highlights
The machining industry has seen a significant growth in the past 5–6 years, and it is projected to be a 100 billion USD industry by 2025 [1]; this is primarily due to the high demand for higher quality products and computer numerical control machines (CNC), that enable manufacturers to develop these high quality and complex products at higher speeds [2]
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) coatings are usually applied to cemented carbide cutting tools due to the good behavior of these materials under elevated temperatures, whereas, due to the overall low temperature of the Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) process, this means that this method can be used to coat tool steel, with some studies having been done on the preparation and evaluation of these coatings [22]
The results show that the PVD coating presented a remarkable improvement in the surface finish of the workpiece when compared to the CVD-coated tool
Summary
The machining industry has seen a significant growth in the past 5–6 years, and it is projected to be a 100 billion USD industry by 2025 [1]; this is primarily due to the high demand for higher quality products and computer numerical control machines (CNC), that enable manufacturers to develop these high quality and complex products at higher speeds [2]. The produced coatings were tailored for the such as these highlight the necessity of good planning when choosing the right coating for the right application Some parameters, such as coating properties (i.e., chemical composition, hardness or coating design), influence tool performance when applied to different machining processes (for example, roughing or finishing), but the deposition method influences the cutting behavior of these coatings. CVD coatings are usually applied to cemented carbide cutting tools due to the good behavior of these materials under elevated temperatures, whereas, due to the overall low temperature of the PVD process, this means that this method can be used to coat tool steel, with some studies having been done on the preparation and evaluation of these coatings [22].
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