Recent Advances in the Role of Diet in Bone and Mineral Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disease (CKD-MBD) is a common complication of kidney disease and is strongly influenced by diet. The purpose of this manuscript is to review recent advances in the role of diet in CKD-MBD over the last 5 years. Many of the recent studies examining the role of diet in CKD-MBD have focused on the adverse effects of high phosphorus consumption on bone health and metabolism. In general, the studies have shown that high phosphorus consumption worsens markers of bone and mineral metabolism but that eating a diet with a calcium to phosphorus ratio closer to 1:1 can attenuate some of these effects. Recent studies also showed that dietary counseling is efficacious for improving markers of CKD-MBD. High consumption of phosphorus aggravates CKD-MBD. Dietary counseling may ameliorate these effects, for example, by consuming diets with higher calcium to phosphorus ratios.