Recent advances in the processing of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) as a potential bioenergy crop for bioethanol production

Abstract

Pennisetum purpureum is an easily cultivated fast-growing perennial grass with great potential as a bioenergy crop due to its high biomass production. Recent advancements in the processing of P. purpureum for the generation of bioethanol are highlighted in this review paper. Various pretreatment methods, namely, enzymatic, acid, and alkaline pretreatment have been investigated to enhance the efficiency of cellulose hydrolysis, which is a crucial step in bioethanol production. Moreover, genetic engineering approaches for enhancing the biomass yield and reducing the lignin are being discussed in this review. The production of bioethanol can be increased by several fermentation processes, including saccharification, separated hydrolysis, simultaneous saccharification, and fermentation. This comprehensive review explores recent advancements in bioethanol production, encompassing technological innovations, diversification of feedstock sources, genetic engineering methodologies, inventive pretreatment techniques, refinements in enzymatic hydrolysis, and enhancements in fermentation, ultimately highlighting the potential of P. purpureum as a sustainable bioethanol source while addressing the challenges and opportunities in its commercial-scale production.