Abstract
Natural products have played indispensable roles in drug development and biomedical research. Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a group of fast-expanding natural products attribute to genome mining efforts in recent years. Most RiPP natural products were discovered from bacteria, yet many eukaryotic cyclic peptides turned out to be of RiPP origin. This review article presents recent advances in the discovery of eukaryotic RiPP natural products, the elucidation of their biosynthetic pathways, and the molecular basis for their biosynthetic enzyme catalysis.
Highlights
Ustiloxins are the first example of natural products that are biosynthesized by Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) pathways in filamentous fungi
Eukaryotic RiPP pathways have some special features comparing to bacterial RiPP pathways
In the case of cyclotides (Section 3.1), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence is present in their precursor peptides [63]
Summary
Synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide natural products. As their name indicates, all RiPP natural products are encoded by structural genes and are initially synthesized as precursor peptides by ribosome (Figure 1). In most RiPPs, the precursor peptide consists of a sequence-conserved amino N-terminal leader peptide and a hypervariable core sequence. The core peptide is subjected to post-translational modifications, many of which are guided by leader peptides and recognition sequences. Some post-translational modifications are leader/recognition sequence independent, catalyzed after removal of the flanking sequences. By analyzing the sequence of a putative homologous BGC, the sequence and even the raw structure of its corresponding mature RiPP can be predicted as well [2,3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
