Abstract
Lipids are involved in a broad spectrum of canonical biological functions, from energy supply and storage by triacylglycerols to membrane formation by sphingolipids, phospholipids and glycolipids. Because of this wide range of functions, there is an overlap between age-associated processes and lipid pathways. Lipidome analysis revealed age-related changes in the lipid composition of various tissues in mice and humans, which were also influenced by diet and gender. Some changes in the lipid profile can be linked to the onset of age-related neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, the excessive accumulation of lipid storage organelles, lipid droplets, has significant implications for the development of inflammaging and non-communicable age-related diseases. Dietary interventions such as caloric restriction, time-restrictive eating, and lipid supplementation have been shown to improve pertinent health metrics or even extend life span and thus modulate aging processes.
Highlights
Lipids are an elementary component of all organisms and are involved in a variety of organismal processes
Since diet is an important factor influencing lipid metabolism during aging, dietary interventions such as caloric restriction (CR) or time-restrictive eating may be applied as health- and life span extending therapies
Since lipids are involved in a variety of biochemical processes, it is not surprising that lipids provide a link between homeostasis and age-related phenotypes
Summary
Lipids are an elementary component of all organisms and are involved in a variety of organismal processes. Lipid metabolism and cell membrane composition of different tissues undergo substantial measurable changes that impact the functionality of relevant organs like the brain or heart in humans (Almeida et al, 2021). Such age-associated alterations are determined by a variety of factors like genetic background and gender (Nam et al, 2017; Wong et al, 2020). Understanding the modes of action of lipids in age-associated alterations can help to explain
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