Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant skin tumor. BCC displays a different behavior compared with other neoplasms, has a slow evolution, and metastasizes very rarely, but sometimes it causes an important local destruction. Chronic ultraviolet exposure along with genetic factors are the most important risk factors involved in BCC development. Mutations in the PTCH1 gene are associated with Gorlin syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the occurrence of multiple BCCs, but are also the most frequent mutations observed in sporadic BCCs. PTCH1 encodes for PTCH1 protein, the most important negative regulator of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. There are numerous studies confirming Hh pathway involvement in BCC pathogenesis. Although Hh pathway has been intensively investigated, it remains incompletely elucidated. Recent studies on BCC tumorigenesis have shown that in addition to Hh pathway, there are other signaling pathways involved in BCC development. In this review, we present recent advances in BCC carcinogenesis.
Highlights
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent form of skin cancer, developing on sun exposed areas, especially in the fourth decade of life
We focused on recent advances related to the signaling pathways involved in BCC carcinogenesis
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by mutations in the patched (PTCH)1 gene, PTCH2 gene and suppressor of the fused (SUFU) gene, which are negative regulators of the hedgehog (Hh) pathway [8]
Summary
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent form of skin cancer, developing on sun exposed areas, especially in the fourth decade of life. BCC is a slow-growing, locally invasive tumor, with a low capacity of metastatic spread [1,2]. It is commonly recognized that only 0.0028–0.55% of BCCs will metastasize [3]. Most cases of BCC are diagnosed in individuals with fair skin phototypes that carry out activities involving intense, intermittent or continuous exposure to UV [5]. The exposure to ionizing radiation, arsenic or coal tar derivatives increases the risk of developing a BCC. We focused on recent advances related to the signaling pathways involved in BCC carcinogenesis
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
