Abstract
Photosensitized electron-transfer processes of fullerenes hybridized with electron donating or other electron accepting molecules have been surveyed in this review on the basis of the recent results reported mainly from our laboratories. Fullerenes act as photo-sensitizing electron acceptors with respect to a wide variety of electron donors; in addition, fullerenes in the ground state also act as good electron acceptors in the presence of light-absorbing electron donors such as porphyrins. With single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), the photoexcited fullerenes act as electron acceptor. In the case of triple fullerene/porphyrin/SWCNT architectures, the photoexcited porphyrins act as electron donors toward the fullerene and SWCNT. These mechanisms are rationalized with the molecular orbital considerations performed for these huge supramolecules. For the confirmation of the electron transfer processes, transient absorption methods have been used, in addition to time-resolved fluorescence spectral measurements. The kinetic data obtained in solution are found to be quite useful to predict the efficiencies of photovoltaic cells.
Highlights
The study of photoinduced electron transfer in donor-acceptor systems is one of the growing research areas driven primarily by solar energy conversion [1], used in the construction of molecular electronic and optoelectronic devices [2,3]
A quick literature survey shows that only a few examples of studies involving single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with a combination of C60 for probing photoinduced electron transfer have been reported [42,43,44,45,46]
The IPCE values are not high, a relatively higher value is obtained for C60 to possess a pyrene moiety (C60Pyr)/SWCNT(7,6) compared to C60Pyr/SWCNT(6,5), which can be interpreted with the wider band-gap and higher conductivity of SWCNT(7,6) [46]
Summary
The study of photoinduced electron transfer in donor-acceptor systems is one of the growing research areas driven primarily by solar energy conversion [1], used in the construction of molecular electronic and optoelectronic devices [2,3]. Among the donor-acceptor systems, porphyrin-fullerene systems are one of the most widely studied classes of compounds due to their rich photo- and redox chemical properties [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25] Both covalently linked systems and non-covalent systems assembled via metal-ligand coordination or stacking have been elegantly designed and studied.
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