Abstract
Papillomaviruses are a diverse viral species, but several types such as HPV16 are given special attention due to their contribution towards the pathogenesis of several major cancers. In this review, we will summarize how the knowledge of HPV16 entry has expanded since the last comprehensive HPV16 entry review our lab published in 2017.
Highlights
human papillomavirus (HPV) Genome Ensconced by Vesicular Structure. At this point in HPV entry, the available data support a model where the HPV genome is protected by an endosome-derived vesicular structure with L2 protein protruding from the vesicle and into the cytoplasm, where it can act as a substrate to facilitate intracellular trafficking using cellular factors [1,97]
Pathway as a robust interferon response is not detected in HPV-infected cells [98]. While this novel method of genome shielding prevents innate immune signaling, pre-treatment of cells with interferon-γ still results in a marked decrease in HPV infection, with the HPV genome found to be sequestered in the late endosome [99]. These findings suggest that interferon-γ, if introduced prior to infection, can protect cells from becoming infected by HPV type 16 (HPV16)
The elaboration on the secondary receptor utilized by as an entry platform(s), further elaboration on the secondary receptor utilized by HPV as an entry platform(s), further confirmationofofthe theexistence existenceofofthe thevesicular vesicularstructure structureused usedby bythe theHPV
Summary
We will focus on the infectious entry of human papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV type 16 (HPV16), the most intensely studied member of this group of viruses. We published a comprehensive HPV entry review in 2017 [1] and a review on the contribution of promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) in aiding HPV infection when the HPV genome enters the nucleus [2]. This review will expand on the knowledge of HPV entry discovered since our last entry review as well as highlight several directions that. HPV entry research should go and where our particular research will be focused on.
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