Abstract
The increasing amount of oily wastewater discharges caused major challenges for current environmental issues, such as oil-water purification and separation [1-6]. Thus, the development of new functional materials for the efficient treatment of oil-water is imperative [7-11]. This paper reviewed the recently developed oil-water separation technologies, which were based on novel functional nanomaterials, and presented representative works in detail. Finally, the challenges and future research directions of this area were briefly discussed.
Highlights
IntroductionWastewater contains suspended oil, dispersed oil, emulsified oil, and dissolved oil (nano-level), which are classified based on the size of oil droplets in water
Wastewater contains suspended oil, dispersed oil, emulsified oil, and dissolved oil, which are classified based on the size of oil droplets in water . [12,13] Owing to the larger particle size, suspended oil and dispersed oil tend to agglomerate into a continuous oil layer, which could be removed by traditional methods, such as adsorption, sedimentation, and mechanical oil skimming
Physical adsorption is one of the most common and effective methods owing to the simple operation and low cost, while the key to the adsorption method is the processing efficiency and applicability of adsorbent materials . [18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25] The actual application of traditional adsorption materials is limited due to high cost, poor adsorption performance, low oil recovery, and adsorption saturation sinking
Summary
Wastewater contains suspended oil, dispersed oil, emulsified oil, and dissolved oil (nano-level), which are classified based on the size of oil droplets in water . Physical adsorption is one of the most common and effective methods owing to the simple operation and low cost, while the key to the adsorption method is the processing efficiency and applicability of adsorbent materials . [18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25] The actual application of traditional adsorption materials is limited due to high cost, poor adsorption performance, low oil recovery, and adsorption saturation sinking. The development of new adsorption and separation materials with low cost, simple preparation method, high separation efficiency, and easy recovery is the key to realize oil-water separation [26]. It is foreseeable that the development of new functional nanomaterials will lead to breakthrough changes in traditional oil-water separation technology
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