RECENT ADVANCES IN NITROGEN-CONTAINING HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Abstract

Most scientific disciplines, including medicinal chemistry and biochemistry, involve the use of heterocyclic compounds. Heterocyclic compounds bridge the interface between chemistry and biology, where so much new scientific understanding, discovery, and application are occurring, and more than 90% of innovative drugs contain heterocycles. They owe their significance to the distinctiveness of the Skelton components that make up their structural makeup. They are naturally present in things like vitamins, antibiotics, hormones, and nucleic acids. compounds made from heterocyclic rings used in the domains of pharmacy, medicine, agriculture, plastic, and polymers. One notable class of heterocyclic compounds that has made a substantial contribution to medicinal chemistry is those that contain nitrogen. The quantity and positioning of nitrogen atoms determine the sorts of molecules. In medicinal chemistry, the analogues of nitrogen-based heterocycles hold a unique place as a valuable source of therapeutic medicines. Drugs that have been FDAapproved and are currently on the market more than 75% of the time contain heterocyclic nitrogen molecules. A significantly higher proportion of new medications with nitrogen as an ingredient is projected in the upcoming decade. We have compiled the most recent findings on new nitrogen-containing heterocycles and their various biological functions during the last year in this review. The utilization of nitrogen-based moieties in drug design and the creation of several competent and potent candidates against diverse diseases are themes that are highlighted in this review