Abstract
In the last decade, biopolymer matrices reinforced with nanofillers have attracted great research efforts thanks to the synergistic characteristics derived from the combination of these two components. In this framework, this review focuses on the fundamental principles and recent progress in the field of aliphatic polyester-based nanocomposites for regenerative medicine applications. Traditional and emerging polymer nanocomposites are described in terms of polymer matrix properties and synthesis methods, used nanofillers, and nanocomposite processing and properties. Special attention has been paid to the most recent nanocomposite systems developed by combining alternative copolymerization strategies with specific nanoparticles. Thermal, electrical, biodegradation, and surface properties have been illustrated and correlated with the nanoparticle kind, content, and shape. Finally, cell-polymer (nanocomposite) interactions have been described by reviewing analysis methodologies such as primary and stem cell viability, adhesion, morphology, and differentiation processes.
Highlights
Regenerative medicine aims at the restoration of tissue micro and nanostructures and functions by means of cells and synthetic or natural scaffolds [1,2,3,4,5]
We have demonstrated that the culture of the above-mentioned stem cell types on PLLA/deficient nanohydroxyapatite (d-HAp) nanocomposites in the absence of soluble osteogenic factors induced the expression of the osteogenic markers
This contribution represents an overview of the available routes for the preparation of aliphatic polyesters (APs)-based nanocomposites showing suitable characteristics with respect to the intended biomedical application
Summary
Regenerative medicine aims at the restoration of tissue micro and nanostructures and functions by means of cells and synthetic or natural scaffolds [1,2,3,4,5]. Many efforts have been recently made to improve the properties and make APs more competitive as compared to petroleum-based In this respect, polymer blends, copolymerization strategies, and nanocomposites have been extensively studied. In this respect, polymer blends, copolymerization strategies, and nanocomposites have been promising nanotechnology with biology, medicine, and material science has resulted in many extensively studied [16,17,18,19,20]. Theapproaches recent combination biomedicine may contribute towith address main issue of personal global in health of promising nanotechnology biology,the medicine, and material science and has resulted many care. OfThis chemical methods for modifying existing polymers with nanocomposite approach could polyesters open up in review highlights the recent advances in nanocomposites based on aliphatic new perspectives in advanced functional material development. Structure-properties relationships of the resulted materials and their potential applications will be mainly investigated
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