Abstract
Metal-based magnetic materials have been used in different fields due to their particular physical or chemical properties. The original magnetic properties can be influenced by the composition of constituent metals. As utilized in different application fields, such as imaging monitoring, thermal treatment, and combined integration in cancer therapies, fabricated metal-based magnetic materials can be doped with target metal elements in research. Furthermore, there is one possible new trend in human activities and basic cancer treatment. As has appeared in characterizations such as magnetic resonance, catalytic performance, thermal efficiency, etc., structural information about the real morphology, size distribution, and composition play important roles in its further applications. In cancer studies, metal-based magnetic materials are considered one appropriate material because of their ability to penetrate biological tissues, interact with cellular components, and induce noxious effects. The disruptions of cytoskeletons, membranes, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) further influence the efficiency of metal-based magnetic materials in related applications. While combining with cancer cells, these magnetic materials are not only applied in imaging monitoring focus areas but also could give the exact area information in the cure process while integrating ultrasound treatment. Here, we provide an overview of metal-based magnetic materials of various types and then their real applications in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) field and cancer cell treatments. We will demonstrate advancements in using ultrasound fields co-worked with MRI or ROS approaches. Besides iron oxides, there is a super-family of heterogeneous magnetic materials used as magnetic agents, imaging materials, catalytic candidates in cell signaling and tissue imaging, and the expression of cancer cells and their high sensitivity to chemical, thermal, and mechanical stimuli. On the other hand, the interactions between magnetic candidates and cancer tissues may be used in drug delivery systems. The materials’ surface structure characteristics are introduced as drug loading substrates as much as possible. We emphasize that further research is required to fully characterize the mechanisms of underlying ultrasounds induced together, and their appropriate relevance for materials toxicology and biomedical applications.
Highlights
This article is an open access articleMagnetic materials have received tremendous attention in diverse fields because of their unique physicochemical properties and their potential utilization has widely expanded
We presented a detailed overview of the role that metal-based magnetic
We presented a detailed overview of the role that metal-based magnetic composcomposites as one kind of high-efficient functional agents play in biological applications
Summary
Magnetic materials have received tremendous attention in diverse fields because of their unique physicochemical properties and their potential utilization has widely expanded. According to material synthesis procedures, the metal-doped iron oxides (XFe2 O4 , X = Co, W, Ni) exhibit magnetic resonance in an applied field and convey signal metal functional characteristics completely [7,8]. According to previous studies [27,28], since the essential radio-frequency was deposited in real patients, there was unregulated absorption of the radio-frequency, which likely lead to increased energy release and temperature growth These studies conveyed that iron oxides can be alternative T1 contrast agents due to their higher biocompatibility. The characteristics of the magnetic material itself should be controlled during synthesis or modification, due to its size, shape, and composition playing related roles in MRI applications. The ordinary approach was illustrated in fabricating high-quality magnetic particles and carrying out surface modification in as applications
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