Recent Advances in Laser-Ablative Synthesis of Bare Au and Si Nanoparticles and Assessment of Their Prospects for Tissue Engineering Applications.

Ahmed Al-Kattan,Viraj P Nirwan,Marc Sentis,Gleb Tselikov,Andrei V Kabashin,Yury V Ryabchikov,Anton Popov,Amir Fahmi

doi:10.3390/ijms19061563

Abstract

Driven by surface cleanness and unique physical, optical and chemical properties, bare (ligand-free) laser-synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) are now in the focus of interest as promising materials for the development of advanced biomedical platforms related to biosensing, bioimaging and therapeutic drug delivery. We recently achieved significant progress in the synthesis of bare gold (Au) and silicon (Si) NPs and their testing in biomedical tasks, including cancer imaging and therapy, biofuel cells, etc. We also showed that these nanomaterials can be excellent candidates for tissue engineering applications. This review is aimed at the description of our recent progress in laser synthesis of bare Si and Au NPs and their testing as functional modules (additives) in innovative scaffold platforms intended for tissue engineering tasks.

Highlights

Tissue engineering is an important multidisciplinary field, which is focused on the development of biomaterial substitutes capable of replacing, detecting and treating failed or diseased tissues [1,2,3]
Bare laser-synthesized NPs open a wide range of opportunities toward the elaboration of functional scaffolds for tissue engineering enabling advanced biomedical modalities
PLAL method enables to fabricate NPs exempt of any contaminants, while the NPs surface can exhibit high reactivity and much better biocompatibility compared to chemically-synthesized Si and Au counterparts

Summary

Introduction

Tissue engineering is an important multidisciplinary field, which is focused on the development of biomaterial substitutes capable of replacing, detecting and treating failed or diseased tissues [1,2,3]. One of promising ways to improve intrinsic properties of scaffolds and/or acquire additional functionalities consists in the incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) as additives [27,28,29,30] Considerable progress in this field has contributed to the fabrication of advanced multifunctional NPs for biomedical tasks including drug delivery, imaging and cell labeling. Owing to prominent optical and physical properties and chemical reactivity, gold (Au) NPs can offer many functionalities for biosensing, bioimaging and theranostics [28,29] Due to their large surface area, porosity and biocompatibility, mesoporous silica (SiO2) NPs are considered as relevant additives for drug delivery [35]. Adapted from refs. [43,83]

Bare Laser-Synthesized Au Nanoparticles

Potential Applications of BLS-NPs in Tissue Engineering

Conclusions