Abstract
The discovery of insulin was 100 years old till 2021. Insulin, the first diabetic medication, is now the safest and most effective glucose-lowering medication available. Despite its efficacy, the most significant challenge with insulin has been the prevalence of hypoglycemia, which has resulted in the majority of patients being prescribed optimum dosages. Insulin delivery devices include syringes, pens, and pumps. Soon, artificial pancreas (AP) by using a very closed-loop delivery method will be a big step towards the advancement of insulin delivery devices. This article looks at the invention of syringes, disposable, long-lasting pens, and smart connected pens, continuous intraperitoneal insulin infusion (CIPII) and patch insulin pumps, artificial pancreas and other medical devices. Hence, insulin administration that is both minimally invasive and non-invasive towards the advancement is required. We review the available information on the evolution of insulin delivery systems, focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of technology as well as anticipated advances. Due to the wide variety of technological solutions accessible via the international platform, only the most common methods essential to the patient’s care are detailed here in the article.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a group of disorders that impact the body's ability to use blood sugar
Artificial pancreas (AP) by using a very closed-loop delivery method will be a big step towards the advancement of insulin delivery devices
This article looks at the invention of syringes, disposable, long-lasting pens, and smart connected pens, continuous intraperitoneal insulin infusion (CIPII) and patch insulin pumps, artificial pancreas and other medical devices
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a group of disorders that impact the body's ability to use blood sugar (glucose). Because glucose is a significant source of energy for the cells which make up the muscles and tissues, it is essential to health. It is the primary source of energy for brain. Insulin is essential for blood glucose control in all patients with type 1 diabetes and a large percentage of those with type 2. There are multiple types of insulin and several injection schedules available. Despite the availability of insulin vials and pens, patient acceptance and glucose readings obtained with single or multiple-dose injection regimens are not to the required level. Type 2 diabetes and all individuals with Type 1 diabetes demand insulin to keep blood glucose levels within the therapeutic range. There are various treatment options available for diabetes mellitus, with the advancement in technology there have been various emerging modalities for the treating the disease
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