Recent advances in green synthesis of diluted magnetic plasmonic-based semiconductor nanomaterials for biomedical applications

Abstract

The green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) is of utmost importance in nanoscience due to its eco-friendly and sustainable approach. This approach reduces chemical usage, energy consumption, and waste generation. Our featured article presents an elaborate account of green synthesis, and various biomedical applications of diluted magnetic semiconductor-based and plasmonic-based semiconductor material, particularly focusing on zinc oxide and titanium dioxide NPs. We assertively review the necessity of an environment-friendly, cost-effective, easy-to-handle, smart, and easy approach for synthesizing ZnO and TiO2 NPs and their applications. Both ZnO and TiO2 NPs got a lot of attention because of their unique chemical, physical and biological properties. Moreover, plasmonic based diluted magnetic semi-conductor possess additional advantages in terms of their band gaps and visible light absorbance compared to bared nanoparticles. These distinct properties make them exceptionally useful in biomedical fields such as antibacterial, antimicrobial, anticancer, antifungal, and cytotoxicity. We provide various green routes for synthesizing ZnO and TiO2 NPs, along with pictorial demonstrations. Additionally, we assertively review the antibacterial capacity of both ZnO and TiO2 NPs and their mechanisms in detail in this featured review.