Abstract
The fluorescence-based in vivo flow cytometry (IVFC) is an emerging tool to monitor circulating cells in vivo. As a noninvasive and real-time diagnostic technology, the fluorescence-based IVFC allows long-term monitoring of circulating cells without changing their native biological environment. It has been applied for various biological applications (e.g., monitoring circulating tumor cells). In this work, we will review our recent works on fluorescence-based IVFC. The operation principle and typical biological applications will be introduced. In addition, the recent advances in IVFC flow cytometry based on photoacoustic effects and other label-free detection methods such as imaging-based methods, diffuse-light methods, hybrid multimodality methods and multispectral methods are also summarized.
Highlights
Flow cytometry is a fundamental and versatile tool in cell quantication, biochemical analysis, cell sorting, etc
The conventional °ow cytometry can only test cells in vitro and requires blood drawing from patients or animals.[3]
The °uorescence-based in vivo °ow cytometry (IVFC) was proposed and demonstrated
Summary
Flow cytometry is a fundamental and versatile tool in cell quantication, biochemical analysis, cell sorting, etc. The obtained °uorescence signal could provide the information of cells.[4] As compared with the in vitro °ow cytometry, the °uorescence-based IVFC can realize real-time, noninvasive, and dynamic monitoring of cells. Since it was proposed, the °uorescence-based IVFC has been used in biological research, making it an extremely important tool for basic research and a potential candidate for clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of tumor metastases.[5,6,7] In this work, we review our recent works on °uorescence-based IVFC and the utility of °uorescence-based IVFC for biological studies, e.g., monitoring CTCs
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