Abstract
In this study, thorough review is performed on various reported fabrication techniques of the Perovskite Solar Cell (PSC) and the Hole Transport Materials (HTM) layer, in order to provide a critical insight on the direction for further advancement in related fields as well as a better understanding on the device physics. So far, the best short-circuit current density of 22.9 mA/cm2 has been reported in CH3NH3PbI3-xClx scaffold by TiCl4 nanorods treated by NRS and the best open circuit voltage of 0.763V has been reported in TiO2/perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD/Au. On the other hand, so far the highest PCE of the PSCs reported in the literature is 19.3%. Interestingly, PSC with 200nm mesoporous TiO2 has been reported to achieve PCE value of 16.46%. A 5-layer TiO2/perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD/Au integrated with 40 nm ZnO thin film has been reported to achieve Fill Factor (FF) of 76%. Although promising data has been obtained through numerous researches, there are still many other optimizations yet to be done before mass commercialization of PSC is possible. Optimizing the fabrication process of carrier transport material as well as the incorporation of sensitizer into the device structure are the key aspects that should be focused on in future researches.
Highlights
Benchmarking of Perovskite Solar Cell (PSC) Research and DevelopmentPerovskite is a special type of solar cell material, named after the Russian mineralogist, L
Despite the high efficiency of PSC, it still faces several challenges such as instability and some other issues, researches are going on to explore the effect of those issues on the performance of PSC
Proper oxidization and p-doping spiro-OMeTAD are important elements that need to be considered during the drying process as it is tightly related to efficiency
Summary
Perovskite is a special type of solar cell material, named after the Russian mineralogist, L. The substrate is dipped into 2-propanol solution that contains CH3NH3I to form CH3NH3PbI3 layer (Della Gaspera et al, 2015) Another method to fabricate perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 is by adding 30 mL of hydrochloric acid with methylamine and stirring the solution without any interruption for 2 h. In addition to the perovskite structure, another compound, known as CH3NH3PbI3xClx, has been reported in similar context It can be fabricated with Methylamine Iodide (MAI) to PbCl2 molar ratio of 3:1, where the mixed solution is stirred for 24 h at 60°C and added into the prepared CH3NH3PbI3 (Wang et al, 2015; Sheikh et al, 2015). An organic/inorganic hybrid solar cell is the combination of a mesoporous scaffold, an organic hole transporter and a perovskite light absorber They have emerged at the forefront of solution process to enable the operation of photovoltaic devices. 16.2% is achieved in this PSC (Jeon et al, 2014)
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