Abstract
The development of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), which are promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offers new opportunities to address the depletion of Li and Co resources; however, their implementation is hindered by their relatively low capacities and moderate operation voltages and resulting low energy densities. To overcome these limitations, considerable attention has been focused on anionic redox reactions, which proceed at high voltages with extra capacity. This manuscript covers the origin and recent development of anionic redox electrode materials for SIBs, including state-of-the-art P2- and O3-type layered oxides. We sequentially analyze the anion activity–structure–performance relationship in electrode materials. Finally, we discuss remaining challenges and suggest new strategies for future research in anion-redox cathode materials for SIBs.
Highlights
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are one of the most efficient energy storage devices to power portable electronics and electric vehicles owing to their high energy density and good cycle life
The electrification of vehicles has confirmed the feasibility of LIBs as medium- or large-scale energy devices; the application of LIBs is being expanded toward grid-scale applications to store electricity generated from renewable applications or power plants
The use of cathode materials with both anion- and cationredox reactions represents a promising approach toward important gains in the energy density of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs)
Summary
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are one of the most efficient energy storage devices to power portable electronics and electric vehicles owing to their high energy density and good cycle life. The presence of the Na-O-A configuration triggers anionic reactions that depend on structures through the irreversible release of O2, reversible redox process, and hysteresis process The migration of these Li and Na in the transition metal layers to the Na layers causes the formation of a lone pair of electrons in the O 2p orbital, so that the high density of state energy for the oxygen allows the oxidation of oxygen the reaction is kinetically slow.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
