Abstract
Brazing fillers for joining applications are essential for manufacturing and designing advanced materials. Several types of brazing fillers have been developed in recent decades to join similar or different engineering materials. Important parts of automotive and aircraft components, including steel, are often joined by brazing. In addition, ceramic components in microwave devices and circuits have been joined with a high level of integration in microelectronic devices. Similarly, in the medical field, metallic implants have been brazed to ceramic dental crowns. These advances have made human life more convenient. However, in brazing, there are certain issues with intermetallic compound (IMC) formation and residual stresses in joints at high temperatures. Nanoparticle-reinforced fillers have been proposed to control IMCs, but there are other dispersion and particle segregation issues at the joints. In this study, various types of brazing fillers, joint fabrication processes, and brazing technologies developed in recent decades are reviewed. Furthermore, new developments in brazing materials and their specific applications are presented. Finally, the emerging areas in brazing, including the recent entropy-modified brazing fillers for various structural and technological fields, are discussed.
Highlights
Almost 5000 years old, brazing as a joining technology is still useful for joining advanced materials and devices
This study focuses on the recent advances in brazing alloys for the joining of various similar and dissimilar material combinations with an emphasis on the brazing of metals and ceramics
In 2012, Zhang introduced a new parameter in an attempt to differentiate the solid solution phase and intermetallic compound (IMC) formation criteria known as the Ω parameter, which involves the melting temperature of the high-entropy alloys (HEAs) calculated by the rule of mixtures
Summary
Almost 5000 years old, brazing as a joining technology is still useful for joining advanced materials and devices In this process, two materials are joined with a filler material and heated above the melting point of the filler, which solidifies and joins the contacting materials. This study focuses on the recent advances in brazing alloys for the joining of various similar and dissimilar material combinations with an emphasis on the brazing of metals and ceramics. We reviewed different filler materials for various applications, including the recently discovered high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in brazing. HEAs have shown desirable properties for brazing applications, such as good wetting and minimal reaction compounds, which have led to significant enhancements in the strength of brazed joints under high temperatures and harsh service conditions [10,11].
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