Recent advances in blood and gut microbiota biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract

<p indent="0mm">Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, with a high prevalence among the elderly. However, the mechanism of its occurrence is not clear, and there is a lack of convenient means of early diagnosis, which makes it difficult to intervene in and treat the disease in its early stage. In recent years, with the development of mass spectrometry, immunological methods and other new technologies, potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and disease monitoring of Alzheimer’s disease have been identified, including peripheral blood Aβ, p-tau, exosomes, miRNA, and intestinal bacteria. In this article, we reviewed the current research status of AD peripheral blood biomarkers and AD-related intestinal microbiota biomarkers, in order to provide a reference for the early diagnosis and prediction of the disease progression.