Recent Advances in Biochar Modification for Energy Storage in Supercapacitors: A Review

Abstract

Biochar, also known as black carbon, has been studied extensively for both agricultural and environmental benefits. Biochar has ability to improve the soil quality, to remove inorganic pollutant and to reduce CO2 emission rate. All these qualities of biochar are based on its physical and chemical properties, such as macro and micro porosity, particle density, high surface area etc. The recent studies on biochar have been suggested that the developments in activation procedures and precursors improve its pore structure and surface properties. These improved characteristics have widened the application of biochar in energy storage devices (ESDs). Biochar as energy storage material is an important aspect to report that has not been reviewed well in recent past. This review elucidated the modification methods applied for biochar improvement and their significant applications in ESDs as supercapacitor (SCs). The brief explanations of biochar production process, modification methods that affect biochar performance, followed by potential applications in energy storage domain are also addressed.