Abstract
Abstract Gelatin, a natural functional material obtained from animal connective tissues, has been broadly applied in health-related products such as food, pharmacy, and cosmetic. But unclear labelling and false information of animal origin of gelatin in those products would violate religious rules and increase public health risks. Recently, animal origin identification of gelatin-based products has drawn more and more concerns. Among various identification methods, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has specifically become a research hotspot for animal origin identification and quantitative analysis of gelatin-based products due to its superior reliability, selectivity, and sensitivity. The main desideratum of the current treatise is to review the recent progress on this subject with respect to: (1) the identification of animal in halal gelatin-based products, (2) the determination of the authenticity of gelatinous medicines from animal, especially from the highly homologous family species, and (3) the quantification of gelatin in gelatin-based products, using LC-MS method. We hope that this review could provide theoretical guidance and advanced strategies for developing animal origin identification technologies for gelatin-based products.
Highlights
Collagen, which is a long fibrous protein abundant in mammals, makes up 30% of the total protein mass in body [1]
We mainly review the recent advances on this subject with respect to the animal origin identification and quantification of the gelatin-based products by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-mass spectrometry (MS)) method
Considering the cost and practical application, triple quadrupole MS, which belong to low resolution mass spectrometry, is the preferred method for quantifying animal composition in gelatin
Summary
Collagen, which is a long fibrous protein abundant in mammals, makes up 30% of the total protein mass in body [1]. The calcium phosphate precipitation was used as an identification strategy based on physicochemical properties to distinguish between bovine bone gelatin and porcine skin gelatin [11] This technique has not been successful in detecting gelatin animal origin of mixtures containing gelatin and other substances. Based on the difference in collagen sequence, LC-MS method enables precise identification of gelatin animal origin. We mainly review the recent advances on this subject with respect to the animal origin identification and quantification of the gelatin-based products by LC-MS method. We will emphatically present the identification of animal components in halal gelatin-based products and the determination of the authenticity of gelatinous medicines from animal, using current detection techniques based on LC-MS method
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