Recent advances and applications of novel advanced materials for solid-phase microextraction in natural products

Abstract

Natural products exhibit various biological activities that play essential roles in human health and disease treatment. However, during the quality control of natural products, contamination from toxic components can occur. Consequently, it is worthwhile to discuss efficient and safe methods for extracting active components and separating toxic components from natural products. Currently, solid-phase microextraction technology is the focus of sample preparation methods. This includes solid-phase microextraction, matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction, dispersive microsolid-phase extraction, and miniaturized solid-phase extraction. Solid-phase adsorbents have been continuously improved to better extract analytes and eliminate matrix interference. This review provides a systematic overview of the applications for the extraction and separation of active and toxic components in natural products from 2018 to 2023 using various extractants (molecularly imprinted polymers, metal–organic frameworks, carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, inorganic nanoparticles, activated carbon, and others) in solid-phase type microextraction. Finally, the prospects and future trends are summarized.