Abstract
At present, nanotechnology is a significant research area in different countries, owing to its immense ability along with its economic impact. Nanotechnology is the scientific study, development, manufacturing, and processing of structures and materials on a nanoscale level. It has tremendous application in different industries such as construction. This study discusses the various progressive uses of nanomaterials in concrete, as well as their related health risks and environmental impacts. Nanomaterials such as nanosilica, nano-TiO2, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), ferric oxides, polycarboxylates, and nanocellulose have the capability to increase the durability of buildings by improving their mechanical and thermal properties. This could cause an indirect reduction in energy usage and total expenses in the concrete industry. However, due to the uncertainties and irregularities in size, shape, and chemical compositions, some nanosized materials might have harmful effects on the environment and human health. Acknowledgement of the possible beneficial impacts and inadvertent dangers of these nanosized materials to the environment will be extremely important when pursuing progress in the upcoming years. This research paper is expected to bring proper attention to the probable effects of construction waste, together with the importance of proper regulations, on the final disposal of the construction waste.
Highlights
Nanotechnology is a developing field of science related to the engineering of nanosized particles composed of different materials [1,2,3,4,5,6]
Nanomaterials such as nanosilica, nano-TiO2, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), etc. have the capability for increasing the durability of buildings by improving mechanical and thermal properties, which could result in an indirect reduction in energy usage and total expenses in the concrete industry
With the incorporation of a nanomaterial such as CNT, the concrete compressive strength could be improved to 21%, and it can result in a decrease in the early as well as long-term shrinking of concrete of 54.0% and 15.0%, respectively
Summary
Nanotechnology is a developing field of science related to the engineering of nanosized particles composed of different materials [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The use of nanomaterials in concrete structures has been confirmed to provide increased durability and higher mechanical strength, which reduce their maintenance needs or any requirement for quick replacement Despite such progress in nanotechnology, proper information regarding nanomaterials’ environmental and human health impacts has been insufficient until now [53,54,55,56]. Out of the papers obtained from the database, we selected the papers based on the materials and topics discussed in this study; for example, concretes based on nanosilica, carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, and ferric oxides; as well as the related challenges, limitations, and environmental and health concerns. There is no study reported so far that collectively discussed the application of nanomaterials in the concrete sector, together with the challenges and limitations, the concrete recycling trend, risk assessment, health issues related to nanomaterials in concrete, and related environmental implications. This research paper is expected to bring proper attention to the probable effects of construction waste, together with the importance of proper regulations, on the final disposal of the construction waste
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