Abstract
Conventionally, the pathogens in wastewater were determined by microscope from the culture of the organisms from various ecological samples. However, it is difficult to distinguish the bacterial populations from each other under the microscope. Recently, the emergence of various molecular techniques has improved the method of examining and determining microbial communities without the need for culture. The application of microarray assays enhanced the ability to determine the microbial composition of the wastewater. Recent advances in molecular tools based on rRNA gene sequences have helped to understand the water microbiome. Automated detection of microorganisms in water has been made fruitful with the combination of molecular tools and emerging analytical technologies. In this chapter, we have collated the studies and discussed the methods based on the recent advancement of these systems for the assessment of wastewater.
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