Abstract
The MYB transcription factors (TFs) are evolving as critical role in the regulation of the phenylpropanoid and tanshinones biosynthetic pathway. MYB TFs relate to a very important gene family, which are involved in the regulation of primary and secondary metabolisms, terpenoids, bioactive compounds, plant defense against various stresses and cell morphology. R2R3 MYB TFs contained a conserved N-terminal domain, but the domain at C-terminal sorts them different regarding their structures and functions. MYB TFs suppressors generally possess particular repressive motifs, such as pdLNLD/ELxiG/S and TLLLFR, which contribute to their suppression role through a diversity of complex regulatory mechanisms. A novel flower specific “NF/YWSV/MEDF/LW” conserved motif has a great potential to understand the mechanisms of flower development. In the current review, we summarize recent advanced progress of MYB TFs on transcription regulation, posttranscriptional, microRNA, conserved motif and propose directions to future prospective research. We further suggest there should be more focus on the investigation for the role of MYB TFs in microalgae, which has great potential for heterologous protein expression system for future perspectives.
Highlights
The compounds derived from phenylpropanoid denote a different class of secondary metabolites, which start from key enzyme phenylalanine
By using molecular and genetic analysis the function of MYB proteins have been greatly described among various plant species, like petunia (Petunia hybrida), apple (Malus domestica), poplar (Populus tremuloides), snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus), grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), maize (Zea mays) and Arabidopsis thaliana [41]
R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) have been widely investigated during last decade and their involvement in several processes have been revealed, such as abiotic and biotic stress [42,43], cold tolerance [41], phenylpropanoid metabolism [44,45], trichomes development [46], flower shape [47], cell shape [48], plant defense mechanisms [49,50,51,52], cell wall development [53] and stomatal closure [54]
Summary
The compounds derived from phenylpropanoid denote a different class of secondary metabolites, which start from key enzyme phenylalanine. Phenylpropanoid derived secondary metabolites mainly consist of flavonoid, monolignol, stilbenes, terpenoids and different phenolic acid Many of these compounds play a key role in identified plants, including as UV light protectants, phytoalexins, carotenoids, strengthen the cell wall and signaling molecules [5]. Zea mays, Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, Fragaria × ananassa, populous, Petunia x hybrida, Malus domestica, and Vitis vinifera L., these transcription factors have been functionally characterized well [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19] This analysis encapsulates the recent understanding of MYB proteins and their function in controlling phenylpropanoid metabolisms in plants, as well as further studies to understand the complexity of their network of regulatory mechanisms
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