Abstract
Cellular-based networks keep large buffers at base stations to smooth out the bursty data traffic, which has a negative impact on the user’s Quality of Experience (QoE). With the boom of smart vehicles and phones, this has drawn growing attention. For this paper, we first conducted experiments to reveal the large delays, thus long flow completion time (FCT), caused by the large buffer in the cellular networks. Then, a receiver-side transmission control protocol (TCP) countermeasure named Delay-based Flow Control algorithm with Service Differentiation (DFCSD) was proposed to target interactive applications requiring high throughput and low delay in cellular networks by limiting the standing queue size and decreasing the amount of packets that are dropped in the eNodeB in Long Term Evolution (LTE). DFCSD stems from delay-based congestion control algorithms but works at the receiver side to avoid the performance degradation of the delay-based algorithms when competing with loss-based mechanisms. In addition, it is derived based on the TCP fluid model to maximize the network utility. Furthermore, DFCSD also takes service differentiation into consideration based on the size of competing flows to shorten their completion time, thus improving user QoE. Simulation results confirmed that DFCSD is compatible with existing TCP algorithms, significantly reduces the latency of TCP flows, and increases network throughput.
Highlights
With the boom of connected vehicles and other mobile devices [1,2,3], users generate ever-increasing demands on cellular networks, like 5G and Long Term Evolution (LTE)
To improve the flow completion time (FCT) of short flows, we developed a Delay-based Flow Control algorithm with Service Differentiation (DFCSD) algorithm, which can effectively alleviate the long delays caused by the oversized buffer, is compatible with existing transmission control protocol (TCP) variants, and can fairly share resource with conventional receivers
The oversized buffer at intermediate routers and the receiver side in cellular networks may lead to long delays, which will significantly influence the performance of short flows
Summary
With the boom of connected vehicles and other mobile devices [1,2,3], users generate ever-increasing demands on cellular networks, like 5G and LTE. The sender-oriented approaches [7] proposed to utilize the round trip time (RTT), e.g., TCP Vegas [15], or the bandwidth-delay product (BDP), rather than the packet loss event, to control the congestion window (cwnd) in this buffer bloat cellular networks. It becomes of critical importance to enhance the performance of TCP in mobile networks to improve the quality of experience To this end, we proposed a novel receiver-oriented approach, named a Delay-based Flow Control algorithm with Service Differentiation (DFCSD), to mitigate the problem described above and improve the performance of both short flows and long flows in cellular networks. This paper advises different rwnd for different flows, utilizes the idea of TCP fluid model, and takes into account flow characteristics, i.e, the flow size
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