Recall, response bias and recognition are differentially impacted by social anxiety irrespective of feedback modality

Abstract

Background and objectivesThis study replicates and extends Houle-Johnson et al.’s (2019) findings to better understand the role of feedback modality, ambiguity and social anxiety in the recognition and recall of self-relevant feedback. MethodsParticipants gave a speech and were provided with positive, negative, and ambiguous feedback via written text, (n = 33) or recorded sentences (n = 31) and later completed a recognition and recall task for the feedback. ResultsRecognition (p = .80, ηp2 = 0) and recall (p = .09, ηp2 = 0.08) did not differ between written or recorded feedback. All participants demonstrated a negative response bias (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.22) and recalled more negative than positive feedback (p = .02, ηp2 = 0.10) but were no more accurate in recognizing negative compared to positive feedback (p = .08, ηp2 = 0). Although social anxiety did not impact recognition accuracy (p = .94, ηp2 = 0), participants with high social anxiety demonstrated a more pronounced negative response bias (p < .01, ηp2 = 0.11) and negative recall bias (p = .02, SE = 1.12) than low social anxiety participants. Moreover, the more negatively ambiguous items were perceived, the more likely they were identified old in the high social anxiety group, whereas the opposite was true for the low social anxiety group (B = .13, p < .10). LimitationsTask believability was relatively low across all participants. ConclusionsOur findings suggest that modality does not influence memory for feedback. Moreover, social anxiety might be characterized by a negative bias in recall and response bias, but not necessarily increased accuracy in recognition of negative feedback.